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In the event of a choking child or infant losing consciousness, what should be done immediately?

  1. Commence CPR to attempt dislodging the item

  2. Deliver back blows and chest thrusts

  3. Wait for medical help to arrive

  4. Perform the Heimlich maneuver

The correct answer is: Commence CPR to attempt dislodging the item

The most appropriate course of action when a choking child or infant loses consciousness is to commence CPR. This is because, in such a critical situation, the priority is to restore breathing and circulation. When the child or infant is unconscious, there is a risk of respiratory and cardiac arrest, which CPR is designed to address. Starting CPR can also help to dislodge any obstruction in the airway. While delivering back blows and chest thrusts can be effective methods for infants and children who are still conscious, they are not suitable when the child is unresponsive. Waiting for medical assistance is not advisable in this emergency, as immediate action is essential. Performing the Heimlich maneuver is also inappropriate for an unconscious child or infant, as it should only be done when the person is conscious and able to cough or speak. Thus, initiating CPR is the most critical and immediate response in the scenario where the child is not breathing and has lost consciousness.